Casing-spear for artesian wells



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

J. BOLE.

CASING SPEAR FOR ARTESIAN WELLS.

No. 357,899. Patented Feb. 15, 1887.

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(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2. J. BOLE.

CASING S-PEAR FOR ABTESIAN WELLS.

N0. 357,899. 7 Patented Feb. 15, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

JOHN BOLE, OF ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

CASlNG-SPEAR FOR ARTESIAN WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 357,899, dated February 15,1887.

Application filed November 21, 1856. Serial No. 219,791. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN BOLE, residing in the county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered a certain new and use ful Improvement in Casing-Spears for Artesian \Vells, of which improvement the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a device for withdrawing the casings of oil, gas, or other Artesian wells, which shall be simple and comparatively inexpensive in construction, and which, in operation, may be readily and firmly engaged with the casing and released therefrom as required, as well as be securely held in the casi ng when separated from the rope of the jarring-tools, so as to be prevented from dropping to the bottom of the well. i

To this end my invention, generally stated, consists in the combination of a stem or mandrel having a series of slips or wickers fitting on seats in inclined grooves or guideways therein, a head or sleeve adapted to move 1ongitudinally on the stem and carrying a series of slips or wickers fitting on seats in grooves or guideways inclined in reverse direction to those of the stem, and a clutch device for holding the head in such position upon the stem as to bring both sets of wickers to the inner ends of their inclined seats-that is, to their position nearest the axis of the stem.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal central section, of a casingspear embodyin g my invention,the wickers being shown in readiness to be expanded when lowered into the well; Fig. 2, a similar view with the wickers expanded to engage the casing;Fig. 3, a similar view with the wickers released for the withdrawal of the spear from the casing; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6, transverse sections, on an enlarged scale, at the lines a: as, y y, and z .2, respectively, of Fig. 3.

In the practice of my invention, I provide a substantial stem or mandrel, 1, having a heavy screw-thread, 2, at its upper end for connection to a jarring-tool, and a screw-thread,

3, on its opposite end to receive an internally threaded collar, 4, which forms a stop for one set of the slips or wickers, presently to be de scribed. A nut-lock, 18, of any suitable and preferred constrnction,is connected to the stem at. the end of the screw-thread 3 to prevent the loosening or displacement of the collar at. Two or more slips 0r wickers, 5, having segmental outer faces curved to a radius corresponding with or approximating to that of the casing 6, in which the spear is used, and having their backs or inner sides inclined relatively to the line of their outer faces, are fitted by dovetailed tongues or projections 7 on their backs in longitudinal grooves or guideways 8 on the mandrel 1, said grooves being outwardly inclined in correspondence with the tongues '7 of the wickers, in the direction of the lower end of the mandrel, towhich the collar 4 is secured. A series of teeth or serrations, 9, which are turned upwardly or in the direction of the thicker end, is formed on each ofthe wickers 5, said teeth serving, when forced out tightly against the casing by downward movement of the wickers in the guideways, to hold the spear firmly in the casing for the purpose of effect- -ing the withdrawal of the casing from the well.

A sliding head or sleeve, 1.0, havinga series of dovetailed gnidcways or grooves, 11, which are inclined in reverse direction to those of the mandrel 1, is fitted to slide freely upon the mandrel below the wickers 5, its downward traverse being limited by the collar at, and a series of slips or wickers, 12, is fitted to slide freely in the guideways 11. The outer faces of the wickers 12 are segmental, similar to those of the wickers 5, and their backs are inclined correspondingly with the gnideways 11, so that they are thickest at their lowest ends, which rest upon the collar 4, and are forced outwardly into contact with the casing by downward movement of the head 10. Teeth or serrations 13, which are turned downwardly, are formed upon the outer faces of the wickers 12.

Clutches or locking-dogs 14., having curved inner faces which abut against the periphery of the mandrel 1, are fitted to slide freely in recesses formed in the upper portion of the head 10 toward and from the axis of the mandrel, said clutches being guided by cylindrical stems 15, fitted in radial guideways in the head,

IOO

and being pressed inwardly to engage a circumferential groove, 16, in the mandrel by springs 17 ,wh en brought opposite to said groove in the longitudinal movement of the head upon the mandrel.

In operation the spear is connected by its upper screw-thread, 2, to a jarring-tool, 19, and lowered into the casing, with its parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, the head 10 standing in such position upon the mandrel 1 that the clutches 14 shall be released from and clear of the groove 16 of the mandrel, the upper ickers, 5,standing at theirhighest position in their guideways or grooves, and the lower wickers resting on the collar 4- and being at their lowest position in the grooves 11 of the head 10. Each set of wickers is consequently contractedthat is to say, the wickers are in their position closest to the axis of the mandrel. The spear being then raised and dropped by the jarring-tools, the upward movement of the mandrel expands the series of wickers 5 by forcing them outwardly and' downwardly in their guideways, causing their teeth 9 to be clamped tightly against the casing, and the downward movement of the head 10 correspondingly expands the series of wiekers 12. In case of breakage of the rope after a hold had been taken upon the casing, or if it is found that enough iron has not been used to jar out the casing, so that it becomes necessary to cut the rope and put 011 more iron, the lowerwickers, 12, will hold the spear and tools in position in the casing and prevent them from dropping to the bottom of the well. \Vhen it is desired to release thespear, itis suddenlyjarred downwardly, releasing both sets of wickers by the upward movement of the head 10 upon the mandrel, the head 10 being held in the position shown in Fig. 3 by the resultant engagement of the clutches 14 with the groove 16 of the mandrel, in which position it draws inwardly the wickers 5, by forcing them upwardly in their guideways, and correspondingly draws inwardly thelower wickers, 12, by the bearing of the sides of the inclined guideways 11 thereon. V

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, in a casing-spear, of a stem or mandrel,a series of upper slips or wickers having toothed or serrated outer faces and fitting in inclined guideways therein, and a head or sleeve fitted to slide freely on the mandrel and carrying a series of lower slips or wickers fitting in guideways inclined in opposite direction to those of the mandrel and serrated or toothed in opposite direction to the upper wickers, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in a casingspear, of a stem or mandrel,aseries of upper slips or wickers having toothed or serrated faces and fitting in inclined guideways therein, a head or sleeve fitted to slide freely on the mandrel, a collar limiting the downward traverse of the head, and a series of lower slips or wickers fitting in guideways in the head, inclined reversely to those of the mandrel and having their outer faces serrated or toothed in opposite direction to those of the upper wickers, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of alnandrel, a series of upper Wickers fitted to slide in guideways therein, a head fitted to slide freely onthe mandrel and carrying a series of lower wickers having their backs and teeth inclined reversely to those of the upper wickers, and a clutch device fitted in the sliding head and adapted to engage a groove or circumferential recess in the mandrel, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN BOLE.

\Vitnesses:

J. SNOWDEN BELL, It. H. WHI'rTLEsEY. 

